Millennium Health Signals Report™:
National Drug Use Trends - Volume 2

Identifying a Significant Increase in Urine Drug Test Positivity for Fentanyl, Methamphetamine, and Kratom

We have analyzed our proprietary database of urine drug test results from January 2015 through November 2019 to identify national and regional trends in positivity rates of drugs of abuse and emerging threats.

The findings from this analysis highlight the following trends:

  1. Methamphetamine and fentanyl positivity rates increased nationally by 129.6% and 145.8%, respectively, while cocaine and heroin positivity rates both declined (2.5% and 21.4%, respectively), but rates varied substantially by region
  2. Co-occurrence of fentanyl with cocaine, heroin, or methamphetamine increased nationally by 210.2%, 111.3%, and 438.9%, respectively, but rates varied substantially by region
  3. Kratom positivity rates increased in every U.S. region and doubled nationally. Individuals who were positive for kratom were also more likely to be positive for non-prescribed opioids, benzodiazepines, and illicit substances